Third Grade: Humans and the Environment (Strand: Geography)
Content: Northwest Coast Native Americans
image source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/crowtongue/
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Directions for Students
In an essay or presentation, you will:
- Analyze how the environment influences the development of a culture including lifestyles, traditions, and beliefs.
- Analyze the ways people affect their environment as they meet their needs.
- Refer to different maps and use them to analyze the interaction between people and their environment.
Possible Essential Questions (choose one or create your own)
- How has the environment affected the development of the culture of two Native American tribes of the Pacific Northwest?
- How has the environment influenced the development of the lifestyle, traditions, and beliefs of one Native American tribe of the Pacific Northwest?
- How has the environment of the Pacific Northwest been affected by a Native American tribe as they meet/met their needs?
- How has a Native American tribe of the Pacific Northwest adapted to the environment to meet their needs?
- How do we affect our environment?
- How does the environment affect us?
- How do people from differing cultural groups and ways of life work together to solve problems?
Guiding Questions:
- Who were the first people to live in North America, how did they live, and how do they live today?
- How are Native American cultures similar and different?
- How do stories, legends, and the arts serve as expressions of cultural traditions?
- How and why did the Native American cultures change over time?
- How were Native American cultures affected by exchanges with non-native peoples?
Keywords
Use these words to search Digital Learning Commons, Nettrekker, ProQuest, library catalogs, print encyclopedias & the Internet.
- Native American
- Pacific Northwest Native American
- American Indian
- Individual tribe names:
- Tlingit
- Kwakiutl
- Salish
- Haida
- Makah
Graphic Organizers
Humans and the Environment Graphic Organizer (from OSPI)
Websites
3rd grade CBA Links on www.delicious.com
Shoreline IMC Sources
- INDIANS OF WASHINGTON (CM C-5 - Chart or Map) - Large map-chart showing tribal locations of the Indians of Washington State.
- SEATTLE HISTORICAL PRINTS: INDIANS AND THE INDIAN WARS (SP C-158 - Study Prints)
- THE NATIVE AMERICANS: THE TRIBAL PEOPLE OF THE NORTHWEST (VC C-2425 - Video Cassette 50 mins 1994) - Representing the Lummi, Salish, Chumash, Colville and Yakima, five Native Americans offer personal insights into the origins of their people and their cultures. Through them we learn the ancient lore and evolution of a varied culture of fishermen, farmers, hunters, trackers and traders, and the devastating effects of the coming of the "white man."
- A HORSE'S TALE: TEN ADVENTURES IN 100 YEARS (RM C-310 - Realia,Model,Pkt,Kit 1989) - 20 books, 1 historical Historical Activity Guide. Written by Washington authors to celebrate the State Centennial. Each of the ten tales covers a different decade and location. Stories are linked by the travels of a wooden toy horse. The stories reflect the impact of historical Washington State. The purpose of the activity book is to make history fun and interesting.
- HANDS ON HERITAGE (RM K-36 - Realia,Model,Pkt,Kit) - Offers over 200 ways to learn about neighboring cultures by actually experiencing the activities of that culture.
- INDIAN AMERICA: A GIFT FROM THE PAST (VC C-2090 - Video Cassette 60 mins 1994) - This documentary uses location footage, archival film, interviews, animation, historic photographs, marionettes, and extraordinary artifacts to tell the story of Ozette, a Makah whaling village buried by a mudslide 500 years ago.
- THE NATIVE AMERICANS: THE TRIBAL PEOPLE OF THE NORTHWEST (VC C-2425 - Video Cassette 50 mins 1994) - Representing the Lummi, Salish, Chumash, Colville and Yakima, five Native Americans offer personal insights into the origins of their people and their cultures. Through them we learn the ancient lore and evolution of a varied culture of fishermen, farmers, hunters, trackers and traders, and the devastating effects of the coming of the "white man."
Primary Sources
- Library of Congress: American Memory - http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award98/wauhtml/aipnhome.html - Features more than 2,300 photographs and 7,700 pages about the Northwest Coast and Plateau Indian cultures illustrating many aspects of life and work, including housing, clothing, crafts, transportation, education, and employment.”
- Library of Congress: American Indians of the Pacific Northwest - http://lcweb2.loc.gov/learn/collections/pacific/history.html - Includes primary and secondary text sources, over 2,000 photographs, and ten essays. Together, these materials tell the story of Native Americans in the Pacific Northwest, from their first contact with European explorers in the 18th century to life on reservations in the 20th century. Primary sources include treaties and thousands of pages from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
- University of Washington: American Indians of the Pacific Northwest - http://content.lib.washington.edu/aipnw/index.html - An extensive digital collection of photographs and documents about the Northwest Coast culture, with essays written by anthropologists, historians, and teachers about tribes and cross-cultural topics.
Print Resources (Libraries)
- Potlatch : a Tsimshian celebration by Hoyt-Goldsmith, Diane (394.2 HOY)
- The art of the Northwest Coast Indians by Glubok, Shirley (709.01 GLU)
- Children's atlas of Native Americans (970.004 CHI)
- Miser on the mountain: a Nisqually legend of Mount Rainier by Luenn, Nancy (970.004 LUE)
- More than moccasins by Carlson, Laurie (970.1 CAR)
- Indian Relics of the Pacific Northwest by Seaman, N. G. (970.1 SEA)
- Native American myths and legends by Taylor, Colin (970.1 TAY)
- Plateau Indians by Ansary, Mir (970.3 ANS)
- Sea and cedar how the Northwest coast Indians lived by McConkey, Lois (970.4 McC)
- Indians of the Northwest coast by Bruggmann, Maximilien (971.4 BRU)
- The Chinook people by Ross, Pamela (973 ROS)
- Whale in the sky by Siberell, Anne (E SIB)
- Ghost canoe by Hobbs, Will (F HOB)
- Longhouse legends by Matson, Emerson N. (398.2 MAT)
- Raven : a trickster tale from the Pacific Northwest by McDermott, Gerald (398.2 McD)
- Longhouse legends by Matson, Emerson N. (398.2 MAT)
Local Resources
Portable Museum and Teacher & Trunk - Versions of a “museum in your classroom” to enhance the teaching of Washington State history, align with EALRs and Washington State Social Studies Assessments. Each collection contains artifacts, a slide show, documents, maps, audio and a Teacher’s Manual with lesson plans and activities.
Portable Museums are available for the following topics and many more:
- Native American People of Washington State
- Explorers in Washington State
- Fur Traders and Missionaries in Washington State
- The Settlers in Washington State
Visual Resources - MOHAI's visual resource guides contain 20 or more slides, a script, background histories, photographs, activities, and more. Choose from topics including "Native Americans of Washington State."
The museum has “Burke Boxes” which can be checked out. The boxes contain artifacts and lessons.
History Boxes
- Coast Salish History Box: Resource book, maps, native raw materials, wild woman mask, basket, wool weavings, photographs and children’s books.
- Makah Culture: Maps, native raw materials, model canoe, rattle, basket, children's book, photographs, and hand-carved cedar puppet.
Video Resources (United Streaming and others)
- Native Americans: The First Peoples - link to United Streaming video (21:00) - Examine the life-styles of Native Americans who lived in the Eastern Woodlands, the Great Plains, the Southwest Desert, the Pacific Northwest, and the Arctic. Witness what happened when the white man arrived with his different cultural beliefs.
- Early History Along the Pacific Coast - link to United Streaming video (00:56) - The Native Americans of the Pacific Coast states developed a sophisticated culture. They lived in wooden houses and created wooden totem poles.
- Native Americans: People of the Northwest Coast - link to United Streaming video (26:17) - These people of the coast have many names: Tlinget, Haida, Salish, Tsimshian. Different names and different languages, yet they share a common background of survival along the rugged coastlines and dense forests. The coastal Indians fished the rivers and streams, hunted and trapped in the forest, built long houses from cedar and carved many intricate items such as totem poles and masks. This video provides a portrait of these people in their day to day lives.
- Program Introduction - link to United Streaming video (00:48) - The people of the northwest coast include many native groups: Tlinget, Haida, Salish, and Tsimshian. Although they have different names and different languages, they share a common background of survival along the rugged coastlines and dense forests.
- Early History of the Pacific Region - link to United Streaming video (06:33) - Before the arrival of Europeans, Native Americans developed vibrant cultures in many areas of the Pacific region. By the late 18th century, the Spanish had expanded their American empire into California. The British and Russians established fur trading outposts in the region, and in the early 19th century, the Lewis and Clark expedition navigated the Columbia River to the Pacific Ocean.
- Library of Congress: America’s Story from America’s Library - Includes several stories about different cultures in Washington state.
Rubric
OSPI Rubric for Humans and the Environment CBA
EALRs
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3.1.1 Geography - Understands and applies how maps and globes are used to display the regions of North America in the past and present.
Examples:
- Uses maps to identify physical features of the regions where the Plains and Eastern Woodland Indians lived.
- Explains the regions of North America based on current and historical maps.
- Uses maps of North America to explain the interaction between indigenous peoples and their environment.
3.2.1 Geography - Understands how the environment affects cultural groups and how cultural groups affect the environment.
Examples:
- Explains how the environment influenced the development of a native culture’s lifestyle, traditions, and beliefs.
- Explains ways native people affected their environment as they met their needs.
- Uses different maps, such as climate and vegetation maps, to explain the interaction between native people and their environment.
5.2.2 Social Studies Skills - Uses a graphic organizer to organize main ideas and supporting details from visuals and literary, narrative, informational, and expository texts.
Examples:
- Uses a graphic organizer to organize main ideas and supporting details from sources on the cultural contributions of Eastern Woodland tribes.
- Uses a graphic organizer to organize main ideas and supporting details from sources on the cultural contributions of Northern Plains tribes and Southeast tribes.
5.3.1 Social Studies Skills - Engages in discussions that attempt to answer questions about cultural similarities and differences.
Examples:
- Engages in discussion on creation legends to learn about the differences in tribes’ beliefs.
- Engages in discussion to learn about the different ways tribes affected their environments as they met their needs.